Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Oh My Aching Back Essay examples

Goodness My Aching Back Essay models Goodness My Aching Back Essay models Goodness My Aching Back: Low Back Pain in the Adult Population Allyson Pfeil Bond University 22/10/2014 13357540 â€Å"Lower back torment is a significant weight to society† that â€Å"many individuals will understanding during their life† (Tulder, Koes and Bombardier, 2002, p.761). In Australia, â€Å"Eighty-percent of Australians experience lower back torment [with] 10% [resulting in] disability† (Briggs and Buchbinder, 2009, p.499). With such a high commonness of low back torment in grown-ups, it is perceived as one of Australia’s â€Å"major wellbeing and financial problems† (Tulder, Koes, and Bombardier, 2002, p.761). This serious issue has grabbed the eye of the National Health Priority Area (NHPA) and they have set up rules for Australians on the best way to oversee low back agony. In spite of the fact that â€Å"ninety-five percent of cases [doctors can't to] pinpoint the reason for the pain,† it is â€Å"not important to know the [origin] so as to manage the torment effectively† (NHMRC, 2003, p.1). Lower back torment (LBP) can be characterized as â€Å"pain, muscle pressure, or firmness restricted beneath the costal edge or more the sub-par gluteal folds, with or without leg pain.† (Tulder, Koes † turning into the â€Å"second [highest] reason for movement confinement in [the] grown-up [population]† (Loney implying that the reason for the side effects are obscure (Tulder, Koes and Bombardier, 2002, p.762). While lower back torment causes most of the Australian grown-up populace physical desolation, it causes the Australian government critical money related agony. â€Å"Low back torment is related with high circuitous and direct expenses [of] heath care usage, work truancy, and disablement† (Tulder, Koes with a general expense of† 9.17 billion† (Walker, Muller and Grant, 2003, p.79). â€Å"Ninety-percent of the roundabout expenses are because of work non-appearance and disablement,† with businesses financing â€Å"three to four months of wiped out leave† (Tulder, Koes and Bombardier, 2002, p.769). This gigantic measure of cash being exhausted on a preventable wellbeing condition speaks to a â€Å"huge medical issue with a huge monetary burden† that should be tended to instantly and appropriately, to diminish the huge affliction and related significant expenses (Walker, Muller and Grant, 2003, p.79). Overwhelmingly the aberrant expenses of LBP are business related; in this way the individuals’

Saturday, August 22, 2020

An Analysis of The Clod and the Pebble by Sir Francis Blake Essay Example for Free

An Analysis of The Clod and the Pebble by Sir Francis Blake Essay â€Å"The Clod and the Pebble† Sire Francis Blake thinks about childish and unselfish love through intriguing and provocative translations. These perspectives are evident through Blake’s sign of their conditions of guiltlessness and experience. His first substance, which is a hunk, says, â€Å"love seeketh not itself to please†(Blake 3). The subsequent translation, which is given as a rock, reasons, â€Å" Love seeketh just Self to please†(Blake 11). The block is delineated as a sacrificial, energetic feeling though the rock is a vain, self-important and egotistical assumption. We can expect that the writer has a great deal of encounters with regards to adore, potentially composing this sonnet in a time of sentimentalism, yet can't accept he is the speaker. The alternate points of view of affection in the sonnet lead the peruser to accept that there are two speakers. The Clod may maybe be of a ladylike perspective, which is justifiable in the wake of perusing â€Å"Nor for itself have any care† and â€Å"Trodden with cattle’s feet†, where love is unselfish and conciliatory (Blake 2). The rock emits a feeling of power picked up from encounters while it ridicules the guiltlessness of the block. The sudden utilization of â€Å"But† gives a change to the sweet and agreeable tones of the principal refrain, while the expression â€Å"a stone of the brook† speaks to it is a hard and undaunted item, gained from its encounters. Explicit words, for example, â€Å"care† utilized by the block and â€Å"bind† utilized by the rock are what make the ladylike/manly tones justifiable. The excellent and sly exemplifications of the substance hunk and vainglorious rock make an away from in differentiating the portrayal of the childishness and benevolence of human instinct in adoration.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Relaxation Techniques to Manage Social Anxiety Disorder

Relaxation Techniques to Manage Social Anxiety Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Coping Print Anxiety Disorder Relaxation Techniques By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on February 04, 2020 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Hero Images /Getty Images Anxiety disorder relaxation techniques are an important part of many behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders and specifically for social anxiety disorder (SAD). For example, if you have a fear of public speaking, part of your treatment may involve practicing deep breathing and muscle relaxation while imagining giving a speech. While relaxation techniques often form part of a more comprehensive treatment plan, these are strategies that you can also practice on your own at home. Four strategies in particular that have been used are diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training, and guided imagery. Diaphragmatic Breathing Diaphragmatic breathing, or deep breathing, is the practice of expanding your diaphragm as you breathe, so that your stomach rises and falls, instead of your chest. During an anxiety attack, you are more likely to take shallow breaths, which contributes to symptoms of anxiety. Tips for Practicing Diaphragmatic Breathing By practicing how to breathe slowly and deeply while in a relaxed setting, you will be better able to call upon this method of relaxation during times of stress. Deep breathing also forms the foundation upon which other relaxation techniques are built, so it is an important concept to master. Progressive Muscle Relaxation Have you ever noticed the feeling you have after a really intense workout? Your muscles have been fatigued to the point that your body is totally relaxed. This is the objective of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR). Alternating between tense and relaxed muscles helps to induce full-body relaxation. During this practice, you will be directed to tense and relax various muscles throughout your body. How to Use Progressive Muscle Relaxation for Anxiety PMR can also be paired with imaginal exposures in which you picture yourself facing feared situations and learning to relax as you do so. Autogenic Training Autogenic training describes a technique similar to meditation, in which you repeat a series of statements to yourself about different parts of your body. The repetition of these statements is believed to influence the functioning of your autonomic nervous system, which includes your heart rate. Guided Imagery Have you ever wished you could escape to a tropical island or hole up in a log cabin? If you dont have the time or means to actually live out your fantasy, give guided imagery a try. This technique involves using all of your senses to imagine yourself in a relaxed setting. Your body, in turn, enters a relaxed state. Be careful, though, you may become so relaxed that you fall asleep! It is best not to practice this technique when you have to be somewhere soon. Try it out at night before you plan to fall asleep. Research on Relaxation for Anxiety A 2017  meta-analysis of 50 studies (2801 patients) compared relaxation training with cognitive and behavioral treatments for anxiety. Results of that study showed that there was no significant difference between relaxation and cognitive and behavioral therapies for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobias.   In addition, a 2018 systematic review with meta-analyses exploring the effect of relaxation therapy with people with anxiety disorders showed that relaxation therapy was effective for this group to reduce negative emotions as well as symptoms of depression, phobia, and worry. Putting Relaxation Into Practice Once youve chosen a relaxation technique, be sure to set a time to follow through. Though you might feel like you dont have time to relax, that is probably a sign that you need to make time for some relaxation. By incorporating a daily or weekly practice into your life, you might actually find that you start to look forward to the feeling of calm that it brings. A Word From Verywell If your social anxiety is severe and you have not already sought help from a mental health professional, this should be your first step. However, if you are just looking for some additional support, the use of these self-help strategies may be helpful to reduce your symptoms. Set aside a regular time of day to practice these relaxation techniques, so that it will become a habit. Over time, you should notice that it becomes easier to calm yourself when in stressful or anxiety-provoking situations. Coping With Social Anxiety

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Descartes s Discourse On Method - 890 Words

In his Discourse on Method, Rene Descartes asserts that all human beings are equal in their ability to reason and that any differences in opinion are not a result of a difference in ability to reason, but in the application of the reasoning. Descartes begins his argument for this claim by stating that rational thought and reason is what separates humans from animals, and that if all people have this ability to reason, then that must be the distinguishing feature of humanity. He goes on to explain that while individuals may differ within a species in regard to their non-essential qualities, they will not differ in the species’ distinguishing feature. This rule accounts for the diversity within humanity as a species (such as differing hair colors, heights, and weights) while equalizing humanity’s ability to reason. From these premises, Descartes concludes that all humans must have an equal ability to reason and that differences in thought are merely a result of difference s in the application of the individual’s reasoning. In Part V of his Discourse, Descartes continues his argument for reasoning being the essence of humanity by arguing that non-human animals and machines cannot reason, and therefore reasoning must be solely attributed to humans. Descartes presents two tests to determine whether or not a being is human or non-human, both based on the adaptability of the being’s responses. He first asserts that since machines and non-human animals cannot communicate via spokenShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Rene Descartes s Work Discourse On The Method Of A Machine1316 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout his work Discourse on the Method, Rene Descartes discusses the things he believes to be true concerning thought. He discusses the things which he believes to be more perfect and the things which he believes to be less perfect (pt 2, para 1). When comparing the two, he eventually comes to the conclusion that things that are more perfect are constructed by fewer hands and have specific purpose (pt 2, para 1). He also introduces in the opening portion of his work that his opinion of goodRead MoreThe Projetion of the Perfection Paradox1176 Words   |  5 PagesThe Projection of the Perfection Paradox In Renà © Descartes’s Discourse on Method, â€Å"seeking the true method for arriving at knowledge† (p. 10) is the goal in which he states in the beginning of discourse. With that end in mind, by analyzing proofs that Descartes finds it can be seen if this was achieved. The proof that God exist is a defining moment in the discourse since God is continually referenced for origin of true knowledge. The reference to God does not only set the stage for furtherRead MoreAnalysis of Descartes Argument788 Words   |  3 Pagesending of the reading selection.? Reading selection from Descartes Discourse on the Method (Part IV). Descartes begins with the problem of being able to prove his own existence but ends up with an argument proving the existence of God. Read more about the Discourse on the Method located at HYPERLINK http://www.earlymoderntexts.com/pdf/descdisc.pdf http://www.earlymoderntexts.com/pdf/descdisc.pdf. In his Discourse on the Method, Descartes essentially asked his famous question: how can we knowRead MoreDescartes And Descartes s Theories Of Skepticism And Search For The Truth1109 Words   |  5 Pagesso-called life questions, but experts like Blaise Pascal and Rene Descartes have examined and reasoned with the norms of the enlightenment era. The theologians and philosophers during that time have produced such popular works that they have been used as a foundation for reason today. In Pascal s Pensees, and Descartes’ Discourse on Method, they take steps to examining and reflecting on their own answers to life questions. If Pascal and Descartes conversed with each other about skepticism and searching forRead MoreWisdom According to Rene Descartes1240 Words   |  5 Pagesnot examining the same thing† Rene’ Descartes pg. (1) â€Å"Discourse on Method† by Rene’ Descartes Wisdom, according to Rene’ Descartes, can be reached when an individual abandons all other influence and challenges the course of their own personal knowledge by seeking supreme understanding. He believed that everybody is capable of wisdom, but to gain it a person must challenge their very own mind. In the book, â€Å"Discourse on Method†, Descartes describes his method for understanding by first lettingRead MoreThe Discourse On Method A Foundationalist One2142 Words   |  9 Pages(1) In what sense is Descartes’ project in the Discourse on Method a foundationalist one? By Serena Lipscomb The 17th Century was a transmute turning point in the West; the scientific revolution would occur, freedom of the individual would become established whilst an old world-view would be rejected to favour a new, very different world-view which would innovate our existence. Foundationalism would be established as an important way of beginning new theories and experiments in rational as wellRead MoreIn What Ways Are Descartes and Bacon Alike?672 Words   |  3 PagesIn What Ways Are Descartes and Bacon Alike? remember footnotes and don’t include first 1 on numbered pages There are many aspects of Rene Descartes’ and Francis Bacon’s practices of approaching the scientific method. When comparing the two scientists, it is clear that there are many similarities. In an effort to compare Rene’ Descartes and Francis Bacon it is important to discover the pioneer’s investigations and philosophies. Both credited with the evolution from Aristotelian discovery to modernRead MoreRene Descartes: French Mathematician and Philosopher Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesRene Descartes: An Author Study Rene Descartes was a 17th Century mathematician and French Philosopher whose lifes work focused on providing a new prospective on the human perception of reality. The definition of this reality is seen as Descartes greatest life goal. Coined as the Father of Modern Philosophy, (Cunningham Reich, 2010, p. 385), Descartes laid the groundwork the philosophy and reality as we perceive it today. Descartes autobiography, Discourse on the Method of Rightly ConductingRead MoreDescartes s Theory Of Love885 Words   |  4 PagesRene Descartes had one ultimate goal, which was to discover the absolute foundation of truth and philosophy, which includes love. Descartes had detected many false beliefs that he, as a youth, believed to be true. It was at this point that he decided to rid himself of all of his previous opinions and knowledge that he had accepted to be truths, based on the fact that he could find doubt in them. He then concluded that if you construct something on false beliefs then everything becomes doubtfulRead More Rene Descartes Essay1094 Words   |  5 PagesRene Descartes was a famous French mathematician, scientist and philosopher. He was arguably the first major philosopher in the modern era to make a serious effort to defeat skepticism. His views about knowledge and certainty, as well as his views about the relationship between mind and body have been very influential over the last three centuries. Descartes was born at La Haye (now called Descartes), and educated at the Jesuit College of La Flà ¨che between 1606 and 1614. Descartes later claimed

Thursday, May 14, 2020

What Is the pH of Vegetable Oil

In chemistry, pH is a scale used to measure the relative acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution—that is, one in which a solute (salt, sugar, etc.) is dissolved in water. Because only aqueous solutions have pH levels, vegetable oil has no pH value. Likewise, other oils such as animal and petrochemical oils also have no pH value. Acidity as it relates to flavor should not be confused with an oils fatty acid content. Fatty acids are organic molecules often found in foods, including vegetable oils. Olive oil consists primarily of oleic acid, with smaller quantities of palmitoleic acid and linoleic acid. The purest olive oils have a very low volume of free fatty acids (less than 2%). These acids, again, have nothing to do with pH levels.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The novel, Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontë is about a...

The novel, Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontà « is about a female character battling societys conservative view on womens rights and roles in civilization. Jane Eyre was written during the Victorian Era when women were seen less than equals to men, but more as property and an asset. At the end of the era was when feminist ideas and the womens suffrage movement began to gain momentum. In the novel, Jane encounters three male characters, Mr.Brocklehurst, Mr. Rochester and Mr. St. John Rivers, who try to restrict her from expressing her thoughts and emotions. In Charlotte Brontà «s novel, Jane Eyre, Victorian ideology influences todays society by making women seem inadequate to men. Brontà « wants to convey that rather than conforming to others†¦show more content†¦As Jane has just come home from visiting her now deceased aunt, Mr. Rochester spots her from a distance and calls forth her presence. Jane pours out her whole heart to him and decides to move to Ireland to forget abou t him. In reply to Jane’s decision, Mr. Rochester commented on her quick choice, in which Jane retorted, â€Å"I am no bird: and no net ensnares me: i am a free human being with an independent will, which i now exert to leave you,† (Border Classics, 255). Earlier in the novel Jane stated that she wanted to be free like a bird but, she changed her mind and made it very clear that she was a â€Å"free human being with an independent will†. Jane proved her independence by leaving Mr. Rochester, even when she knew it would be the only time she would feel happiness in her life. Jane had been â€Å"ensnared† emotionally and physically her whole life. Jane comes back to Thornfield like a bird would return home to its nest because that was where she found comfort and security. By stating that she is a human being with an independent will, Mr. Rochester begins to understand where Jane stands in their relationship. Jane was treated as an equal by Mr. Rochester, whi ch was one of the reasons why she decided to marry him. Women have always been put in a secondary position and never treated as an equal. Since the novel was published, views on women’s rights have improved, but society still sees women inferior to men. Biologically, men are created to be physically stronger, but women

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Risk Assessment And Planning - Click Now to Get Solution

Questions: 1. Identify strategic management tools from your Readings and credible online sources that could be used to analyse risk associated with your selected project (Residential Tower). Explain the impact of each of these tools on your project and how effective they are. 2. Prepare a detailed response plan for the selected risk area. Your response plan should include a probability and impact assessment, prioritisation and identification of early warning indicators. In your response plan, also describe qualitative and quantitative tools that could be used to analyse risk associated with your selected project. Explain the impact and effectiveness each of these tools may have on your project. 3. Explain how you considered stakeholder risk tolerance. Would your planning for individual risks change depending on a stakeholders tolerance for risk? If you had to prioritise the stakeholders depending on their risk tolerance, how would you still reassure those who were more risk tolerant? Answers: Introduction Risk management is an important aspect of project management while developing a construction project. It is important to note that the change in the price level and the financial crisis has several adverse impacts on the completion of the project (Rostami, 2016). Along with that, there are several other challenges that are faced by a construction project due to the change in the external environmental factors (Rose, 2014). The paper has been developed to identify the strategic management tools that are required to identify the risk and analyse them to draw proper solutions to mitigate those issues. The paper will analyse the impact and effectiveness of the tools used to identify and analyse the risks. The paper also presents the stakeholders tolerance capability of the identified risks and its impact on the successful completion of the project. The project has been developed to identify and analyse the risk involved in constructing a residential tower of twenty three storeys in Qatar. Construction of a mega building is always a challenge for engineers, not only because of the unique architectural demands but also owing to financial and legal constraints involved throughout the process. When planning for such a big project in a rapidly growing region like Qatar, the role played by the government should also be considered significantly to manage costs through applied infrastructure savings method (Oxford Business Group, 2016). Strategic Management Tools for identifying the risks Some significant strategic management tools and techniques can be implemented to identify the risks associated with the construction project. In this given section, documentation reviews such as brainstorming, Delphi technique, diagramming techniques, and SWOT analysis can be identified as the most suitable risk assessment tools and techniques. In risk identification, brainstorming and Delphi technique can be utilized to distribute questionnaires to expert personnel (Forbes, Smith and Horner, 2008). On the basis of their comments and unbiased data, significant risks attached to the construction project can be identified. Invariably, SWOT analysis is another specific tool that can be effectively implemented to identify risk probabilities, adverse effect and risk ratings based on expert judgment (Wende, Herberg and Herzberg, 2015). In the case of discussing, qualitative risk analysis tools and techniques, probability and risk matrix, urgency risk assessment, risk categorization and risk impact assessment can be identified as the most significant tools. Through probability and impact matrix, proper quantitative analysis can be done using risk ratings (Cahill, 2007). Finally, after investigating the project objectives, quality assurance and risk issues, a significant level of risks can be accessed through interviewing stakeholders. Such risk analysis process will be highly effective for this particular construction project. Impact of Strategic Management tools and its effectiveness In risk identification and risk management of a construction project, the importance strategic management tools and techniques are highly valuable. By implementing project specific risk management tools and techniques, the project manager can mitigate the risk factors and potential risk hazards to avoid any unwanted disputes to the ongoing construction project. Whether it is workforce related issues or financially oriented issues, effective risk management strategic tools can identify such risk factors at the beginning of a project to ensure the project will commence smoothly (Anderson-Cook, 2006). Meanwhile, effective strategic management tools can certify that the project will be completed within the estimated timeframe (Dey and Ogunlana, 2014). Response Plan for the selected risk Area Identified Risk Impact Assessment Probability Priority Early warning indicators Tools used to analyse Response Plan Market Changes Price Change The change in price may lead to under budgeting and increase the expected cost of the project. High High The changes in the government policies lead to change in the price level (Wang and Ortiz, 2013). Qualitative as well as quantitative tools can be used to analyse the price fluctuation in the market. To control such risks, analysis of price market should be the key to success Change in Labour Wages The change in labour wages leads to increase in the budget of the project. Medium High It can be identified by interacting with the labour contractors and labour union. The changes in labour wages can be analysed by conducting survey and analysing the information using qualitative as well quantitative analysis methods. To control risks associated with the labour, significant research on the labour demand supply should be done (Wang and Ortiz, 2013) Unavailability of Materials The unavailability of materials leads to delay in the project completion. Medium Medium The delay in the shipments is an early indicator of unavailability of raw materials. The unavailability of raw materials can be analysed by conducting a survey and interviewing suppliers. Significant inventory of the raw materials must be maintained to mitigate the risk Production Delay in work The delay in work impacts the stakeholders interest. High High Delay in completion of a single activity can lead to delay in the completion of the entire project. It can be analysed using statistical tools and calculating the probability of its occurrence. Proper planning and scheduling must be done to avoid delay in work Labour Conflict Labour conflicts lead to delay in work and impact the reputation of the company. Low Medium Labour conflicts must be avoided on the earlier stage by interacting with them on a regular basis. It can be analysed by conducting interviews of the employees and supervisors. Significant management of labour and workers must be done to avoid any sort of conflict Legal Obstacles Legal obstacles lead to delay in work and loss of reputation. It also leads to financial loss. Medium Medium Legal obstacles can be identified by communicating with the legal advisors. It can be analysed using qualitative study of the new policies and regulations implemented by the government. Legal advisory committee must be hired to control any risks associated with legal aspects Working Capital Improper Budgeting Improper budgeting leads to financial losses and impacts the interest of the stakeholders. High Medium Improper budgeting can be identified by maintaining the accounts on a regular basis and estimating the cost for further construction. Quantitative tool is required to analyse the risk of improper budgeting. Significant financial professionals must be hired to mitigate such risks in case of emergency situation Extra Expenses Extra expenses lead to failure of the budget and increase the pressure over the investors. High Low Extra expenses can be identified by continuously interacting with the finance department. Quantitative analysis is required to identify the risk of it. To control extra expenses, certain monetary resources must be confirmed (Schermerhorn, 2013) Conflict with Investors Conflict with investors adversely impacts the completion of the project and even leads to financial loss. Low High It can be identified by regularly communicating with them. A survey and interview is required to analyse the risk of conflict with the investors. Significant discussion session with the investors must be done to control any conflicts among the investors Fixed Assets Quality Issue Quality issue is another factor that impacts the stakeholder's interest over the project (Schermerhorn, 2013). Medium High Quality issues can be identified by monitor the activities of the project team and conducting quality check on a regular basis. Quality issues can be analysed using interview and survey. Along with that, proper calculation is required to analyse the variance. Quality assurance team must be hired to signify the quality of manufacturing Weather Issue Being a 23 storey building the project will be impacted by the weather and high speed of wind. It is important to consider the fact for safety and proper completion of the project. Medium Medium Weather Issues can be identified by communicating with the engineers and other local government authorities. Weather issues can be analyzed using quantitative analysis method such as statistical calculations and probability. Safety equipment and devices must be used during absurd weather conditions to continue the work Financial Risk Delay in the completion of the project may lead to financial losses. Medium High Financial issues can be identified by regularly interacting with the stakeholders. Financial issues can be analysed using statistical and mathematical analysis. To mitigate financial risks significant financial assessment must be done to make the project a success Impact and effectiveness of analysis tools on the project Qualitative and quantitative risk analyses tool helps to observe the probability and impact of the risk on the project objectives. Furthermore, the qualitative and quantitative analyses tools make the project team aware of the facts and situation at which the operations of the construction project may face several issues (Stonham, 2015). On the basis of these analyses, the project team can prepare plans to minimise the occurrence of uncertainties that can help in proper and appropriate completion of the residential towers. The interview and surveys helps in continuous communication with the stakeholders that helps to observe their views and understand their thoughts regarding the construction project (Tworek, 2012). Along with that, the qualitative and quantitative tools also increase the accuracy and appropriateness of the risk management strategy that is quite helpful in proper construction of the residential towers. Stakeholders Tolerance for risk Stakeholder risk tolerance is another factor in project development. In the case of high risk projects, the stakeholders such as workforce and investors would prefer to delay the project as much as possible. Unless the risk tolerance is satisfactory, the investors will not allow the project to commence (Malz, 2011). Individual risks change depending on a stakeholders tolerance for risk In order to monitor the stakeholder risk tolerance factor, the project manager must have a fair idea about the project and organizational environmental factors such as workforce, expertise, technological efficiency and financial strength to make accurate understanding of the risk tolerance. If the risk tolerance is high, the organizational standards must back up with resources. By identifying the assets and liabilities of an organization, a project manager can determine the risk tolerance of stakeholders (Gwanoya, 2007). Invariably, the previously completed projects must be taken into consideration to identify the stakeholder risk tolerance. Prioritize the stakeholders depending on their risk tolerance To certify the level of risk tolerance, project manager of the construction project must assess the risks correctly so that major roots of the risks can be identified. By prioritizing the level of risks, significant contingency plans and risk mitigation plans can be implemented in the project. Apart from that, remembering the stakeholder risk tolerance, prominent risk monitoring system can be promoted in the construction project (Hatefi and Seyedhoseini, 2012). In case of small investors, they have comparatively less risk taking capabilities. Hence, understanding the financial position of the investors will be key to identify the risk tolerance capability. Conclusion At the end of all, it is mandatory to mention that stakeholder management strategy is highly impressive to prepare a strategic risk management plan. By identifying the stakeholder risk tolerance factors, the project manager must create a positive influence on the stakeholders by showing the project perspective and benefits. Also, there are some risks attached to the communication process. In addition to that, the external and internal environmental factors of the organization must be overviewed to create a purposeful risk management strategy suitable to meet the requirement of the construction project. Meanwhile, the risks analysis and strategic tools must be monitored at the highest standards to create a positive impact on the project stakeholders ensuring project deliverables, quality and cost. References Anderson-Cook, C. (2006). Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques, and Tools.Journal of the American Statistical Association, 101(476), pp.1731-1732. Cahill, D. (2007). Target marketing and segmentation: valid and useful tools for marketing.Management Decision, 35(1), pp.10-13. Dey, P. and Ogunlana, S. (2014). Selection and application of risk management tools and techniques for build operate transfer projects.Industr Mngmnt Data Systems, 104(4), pp.334-346. Forbes, D., Smith, S. and Horner, M. (2008). Tools for selecting appropriate risk management techniques in the built environment.Construction Management and Economics, 26(11), pp.1241-1250. Gwanoya, T. (2007). Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques, Tools. By Alexander J. McNeil, Rdiger Frey Paul Embrechts (Princeton University Press, 2005).Annals of Actuarial Science, 2(01), pp.187-189. Hatefi, M. and Seyedhoseini, S. (2012). Comparative Review on the Tools and Techniques for Assessment and Selection of the Project Risk Response Actions (RRA).International Journal of Information Technology Project Management, 3(3), pp.60-78. Malz, A. (2011).Financial risk management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Oxford Business Group, (2016) Overview, Infrastructure building to help sustain Qatar's growth past 2022. Available at: https://www.oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/infrastructure-building-help-sustain-qatars-growth-past-2022 (Accessed on: 25 May 2016). Rose, K. (2014). Personal Effectiveness in Project Management: Tools, Tips Strategies to Improve your Decision-making, Motivation, Confidence, Risk-taking, Achievement and Sustainability.Project Management Journal, 45(2), pp.e1-e1. Rostami, A. (2016). Tools and Techniques in Risk Identification: A Research within SMEs in the UK Construction Industry.ujm, 4(4), pp.203-210. Schermerhorn, J. (2013).Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Stonham, P. (2015). Financial engineering: Tools and techniques to manage financial risk.European Management Journal, 13(4), pp.456-457. Tworek, P. (2012). Plan Risk Response as a Stage of Risk Management in Investment Projects in Polish and U.S. Construction - Methods, Research.Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Economics, 59(1). Wang, D. and Ortiz, J. (2013). Introduction to Selected Papers from Risk Assessment and Crisis Response 2011.Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 19(2), pp.385-388. Wende, W., Herberg, A. and Herzberg, A. (2015). Mitigation banking and compensation pools: improving the effectiveness of impact mitigation regulation in project planning procedures.Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 23(2), pp.101-111.

Saturday, April 4, 2020

Air And Water Essays - Energy Economics, Energy Conversion

Air And Water A major transition in the modern energy age began in the 1970s, when the big nation's industry started to grow up rapidly. The use of oil was very important and overnight, oil prices shot through the roof, and the trend of ever-cheaper, ever-more-plentiful energy sources were in need. Another player on the modern energy stage is nuclear power. An industry that didn't exist 40 years ago is now at a huge amount of production, producing 20 percent of the nation's electricity. Ironically, the industry is fading out. New orders ceased 20 years ago, and as aging plants reach the end of their lives, they are closing, one by one. All the non-renewable energy resources have positive and negative affects to the nature. However Nuclear Energy is the most dangerous one, as we can see what happened in Chernobyl in 1986, and it is dangerous if the nations use Nuclear Energy to kill people like at the end of the world war. It is not a dream to think of solar power that is cheap enough for universal use a world full of zero-polluting electric cars. Wide-scale use of fuel cells for powering buses and other forms of public transport. "Chicago and Vancouver are two cities which have pilot programs using fuel cells to power some of their public transport buses. Use of fossil fuels confined to petro-chemical products and fuel cell feedstock. Nuclear fusion or some other advanced nuclear process, supplying all base load power." (Solar) Also, there is continued interest and research into fusion power. Since fusion generates temperatures of millions of degrees, the main difficulty in developing fusion power has been in containing the heat of the reaction. Fusion is an expensive source of energy right now, but it might cost much cheaper in the near future. It is not very hard to guess that in the near future, all the energy sources will be much cheaper. The technology is changing almost everyday, it was not possible to dream internet ten years ago. Who can guess that what will be happen in the next ten years? But for sure non-renewable energy resources will not be renewed when all of them are used. We always used resources from the nature, now it is time to create our own resources that we can keep the earth and all the organic materials clean. The most green energy resource is solar energy right now and it is very cheap to get heat from the sunlight.

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Old Girls Twitter Essays

Old Girls Twitter Essays Old Girls Twitter Paper Old Girls Twitter Paper To Tweet, or Not to Tweet My sixty-two year old father asked me about â€Å"tweeting† several weeks ago. Naturally, I thought to myself, what the hell is my father doing asking me about twitter, he doesn’t even own a computer. I assumed that he had seen a newspaper article about it or heard it on the news. I stood correct. Twitter has become new media phenomenon and let’s be honest- who doesn’t have a Twitter account these days? In defense of Twitter by Caroline McCarthy and Do I Really Have To Join Twitter? By Farhad Manjoo were two articles that struck me as captivating. Personally, I’ve never found twitter all that appealing, and yet I still have an account. However, I am happy to report I’ve only â€Å"tweeted† twice in the past year. As soon as I created my account, I immediately regretted it. I wasn’t too fond of the idea that people were going to be â€Å"following† my tweets and they would be updated with unnecessary complaints or food choices of the day. Farhad Manjoo seems to share similar thoughts on the subject. Commited Twitterers argue that the 140-character-or-less tweet represents the next great mode of human communication†¦Wait a minute-you want me to keep a perpetual log of my boring life for all of the world to see? † I agree. Twitter allows complete strangers to stalk your ideas and involve themselves in learing about your personal life. Creepy? Just a little. Manjoo argues whether or not there is a point to Twitter, needless to say, not one valid point was made. Manjoo’s article made a second compelling point. It is an alien form of communication. Micro-blogging mixes up features of e-mail, IM, blogs, and social networks to create something not just novel but also confusing, an doing it well takes some time and patience. † I’ve seen my friends on their Twitter accounts, and they will sit in front of their computer for ten minutes or so, just to write a three sentence statement about their life, trying to make themselves sound a lot more intriguing to their â€Å"followers†. In their defense, I can recognize why they wouldn’t want to sound tedious or dull, but there are certainly better things they could be doing with that ten minutes of their time. When I read over the article In Defense of Twitter I couldn’t help but laugh because although my mind generally doesn’t accept the idea of Twitter, everything in the article seemed to make valid points, while they may seem contradictive to the previous article. â€Å"The beauty of Twitter is that, unlike a full-out blog, there’s no obligation to be philosophical, thought-provoking or grammatically sound. Because it doesn’t require that kind of extra effort, it’s great for people like me who want to jump on the social-media bandwagon but don’t have the time to set up something elaborate on WordPress. I can understand this to an extent. Some people enjoy blogging in general, and since there are â€Å"apps† for Twitter, you can do it straight from your phone. For people who lead a chaotic, busy schedule filled with kids, jobs and extracurricular activities, I can see why Twitter would be an escape or even fun for that matter. McCarthy do es argue however, that people reveal sensitive information that doesn’t need to be broadcasted to the whole social networking system. Childrens’ names and exact locations for example, should not be included in the 140 character long tweet. I totally agree with her points, in my opinion personal information and personal emotions for that matter should be kept outside of the blogging world. A couple months ago, I accidentally, (I guess it was more of me being nosey than being accidental) stumbled upon a Twitter page that wasn’t private, and I didn’t happen to like the user of the page all that much for personal matters. Within two minutes of reading this nine-teen year old girls Twitter, I found out that she smoked marijuana around her seven month old baby, she needed a babysitter to go to a party that night, and she had a six pack of Twisted Tea in her trunk. I’ve never actually met this girl, unfortunately I just know of her from mutual friends. Good first impression? I don’t think so. People also forget the fact that many employers are involved in social networking sites. If you’re going to be putting inappropriate tweets, you might want to think about adjusting the privacy settings- just a thought. Facebook, MySpace, Live Journal, Skype, AIM, and Twitter included are not for everyone. â€Å"I’m of the opinion that no piece of social-media software is for everyone, and Twitter is no exception. I have friends who are so frustrated by Twitter’s lack of functionality and frequent site outrages that they’ve given up on it altogether. † Certain people aren’t comfortable with sharing there thoughts with their close friends, let alone the whole realm of Twitter. I suppose it all depends on the individual, but let’s be honest; no one needs to know that your new conditioner smells like apples. All in all, I think twitter is pointless. However, I understand why people enjoy the concept. I think an unbelievable, unnecessary portion of society is wasting their time with pointless social blogging, but who am I to say it’s right or wrong. I enjoyed the two articles’ distinction, and reading other peoples opinions and reasoning’s is a good way to acquire a better understanding as to why society is so obsessed with the idea of micro-blogging. There’s tweeting now, what will come next?

Friday, February 21, 2020

If there are deep differences in the moral standards of different Essay

If there are deep differences in the moral standards of different cultures, what implications would this have for the nature of morality - Essay Example In this light, all persons are entitled to decide what is right for them. Thus, an act becomes true for one person if he or she believes it to be so. Moral relativism is a widely held position in a post-modern world, especially in places where people use it to excuse or allow certain actions. Furthermore, moral relativism comes in several forms: utilitarianism, evolutionism, existentialism, ‘emotivism’, and ‘situationism’. All of these variations of moral relativism share a single unifying theme, as highlighted in Moral Relativism – Neutral Thinking?, that rightness or wrongness is a product of human preference, which highly depends on cultural and historical circumstances. According to another online article entitled Book Review: Morality Matters, there are four essential consequences of moral relativism to human societies: cross-cultural criticism, intra-cultural criticism, intra-cultural conflict, and moral degradation. Firstly, cross-cultural conflict points at the difficulty of judging morally objectionable acts of one culture, such as murder and terrorism. Although such acts are inherently and naturally abhorred by human nature, these acts are deemed to be beyond the evaluation of another culture. Secondly, intra-cultural criticism underscores the problem in consulting one’s ethical standards to the moral codes of society since, more often than not, these codes are subject to the ruler’s subjective viewpoints which may be logically and morally erroneous. Thirdly, intra-cultural conflict states the impossibility of solving disagreements within a culture since all beliefs are morally equal. Thus, choosing one belief over another is difficult for there is no moral standard. Lastly, moral degradation claims that the perfection of moral standards is hardly attainable since it is the cultural circumstance and not the conceptual quality of the moral code that

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Executive summary Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Executive summary - Case Study Example Home depot management is seeking to improve profitability by; reducing costs through product review, purchasing improvement and increasing number of rental centers, address the current declining customer service and increasing its revenue by between 15% and 18% to be achieved partly through acquisition. Lowe’s company seeks to improve profitability by; introduction of new merchandise, changing its pricing strategy. It expects to open up more branches in its predominant rural areas as well as metropolitan areas, currently dominated by Home Depot. The management also seeks to maintain its current revenue growth 18% to 19%. Alternate products; Home depot has the ability to diversify its current operation by expanding into alternative product as a means of boosting profitability. The new ‘at home’ product has a growth potential of 30% annually compared to overall company’s growth potential of 15%. Alternative retail format; home depot should focus on new methods of ensuring that its customers are taken care of. This should involve focusing on the new program of Service Performance Improvement as a value addition to its customer since preliminary studies show that it’s outperformed the current do-it yourself program in terms of productivity, operating margins and inventory turnover Alternative product; the current market is made up of hardware’s, lumberyards and larger-format home centers. By consolidating its market share gains in the new category of appliances, the company stands a change to operate more profitably. International expansion; Lowe’s is currently a major participant in the domestic market but does not have international presence, compared to Home depot whose revenues from foreign markets make up to 10% of total sales. Although both companies are currently implementing growth strategies, future growth opportunities available for them vary. Home depot can successfully improve profitability by acquisition, developing

Monday, January 27, 2020

3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Research

3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Research A distinct type of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria due to a mutation in the Translocase of Inner Mitochondrial Membrane 50 (TIMM50) gene Abstract BACKGROUND: 3-methylglutaconic aciduria biochemically characterized by increased urinary excretion of 3-methylglutaconic acid result from defective leucine metabolism and disorders affecting mitochondrial function though in many cases the cause remains unknown. Recently mutations in mitochondrial TIMM50 gene has been reported in four patients from two unrelated families. We report additional mutations in TIMM50 gene in 6 individuals from two unrelated consanguineous families with a distinctive type of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. METHODS:Â  We report on three patients of South Asian ancestry with intractable epilepsy, microcephaly, developmental delay, visual deficit spastic quadriplegia and three Caucasian patients of eastern European origin with intellectual disability with or without seizure. Metabolic testing revealed mild lactic acidosis and excretion of large amount of 3-methylglutaconic acid in urine in all patients. Full exome sequencing was performed using genomic DNA isolated from one surviving patient, two healthy siblings and both parents of South Asian family. Exome sequencing was also performed for Caucasian patients of eastern European origin. RESULTS:Â  Exome sequencing identified two homozygous mutation Gly372Ser and Iso392Thr mutations in the gene TIMM50. There were no other candidate alterations in exome that could explain the phenotype in the proband. The mutations are located in the conserved C-terminal domain of the Tim50 protein that interacts with the N-terminal domain of the Tim23 protein in the intermembrane space and regulates mitochondrial protein import of presequence-containing polypeptides Both parents are heterozygous. CONCLUSION: Given the phenotypic similarilty of the patients from two unrelated families and an earlier report of mutations in additional family, we conclude that TIMM50 gene mutation results in a novel mitochondrial disorder with 3-methyl glutaconic aciduria. INTRODUCTION 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (MGCA), an increase in urinary 3-methylglutaconic acid or 3-methylglutaric acid, can be a nonspecific finding in mitochondrial disorders, organic aciduria, urea cycles disease, neuromuscular disorders. but is a consistent abnormality of 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency and patients with mutations in TAZ, SERAC1, OPA3, DNAJC19 and TMEM70 gene1. These genes all encode mitochondrial membrane or membrane related proteins. In 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency due to mutation in AUH gene , 3-methylglutaconic acid derives from 3-methylglutaconyl CoA (3MG CoA), an intermediate in leucine catabolism1. It has been proposed that in other disorders, 3-methylglutaconic acid derives from aberrant isoprenoid shunting from cytosol to mitochondria via mevalonate pathway or redirection of mitochondrial acetyl CoA toward production of 3MGA due to an increase in the intra-mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ ratio resulting from mutation induced impairment in electron transport chain or Kreb cycle function 2. Examples of mitochondrial include Barth syndrome, a cardioskeletal myopathy with neutropenia, abnormal mitochondria and MGCA. Barth syndrome is caused by X-linked recessive mutations in the TAZ gene which encodes the mitochondrial membrane localized transacylase involved in the maturation of cardiolipin. Autosomal recessive mutations in the OPA3 gene (OMIM: 606580), the mouse ortholog of which encodes a mitochondrial inner membrane protein of unknown function, cause MGCA3 (OMIM: 258501), a neuroopthalmologic syndrome characterized by early-onset bilateral optic atrophy and later-onset spasticity, extrapyramidal dysfunction and cognitive deficit. MGCA5 (OMIM: 610198) is yet another form of MGCA caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the DNAJC19 gene (OMIM: 608977) and in addition to increased urinary excretion of 3-methylglutaconic acid, patients present with infancy or childhood onset dilated cardiomyopathy, microcytic anemia, mild muscle weakness and ataxia. Many patients die of cardiac failure. The DNAJC19 gene encodes the human homolog of the yeast Tim14 which is a part of the Tim23 mitochondrial protein import machinery and hasbeen shown to interact with the mtHsp70 in an ATP-dependent manner to regulate Tim23 function (Davey, 2006). WE report a distinct type of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria resulting from a mutation in mitochondrial TIMM50 gene in 3 sibs from a consanguineous family. We initially reported these xases in abstract form. Recently two different mutations in mitochondrial TIMM50 gene have been reported in four patients with 3 methylglutaconic aciduria, epilepsy, severe intellectual disability and lactic acidosis. Subjects Family 1 Family 1 has three affected sibs of South Asian ancestry with intractable epilepsy, microcephaly, developmental delay, visual deficit spastic quadriplegia. Two affected sibs died unexpectedly when they were visiting families in a remote area of a South Asian country. Metabolic testing had revealed large amount of 3-methylglutaconic acid in urine in all three affected sibs. The patients have a healthy brother and a healthy sister. Mother and father are first cousins. Detailed clinical history, imaging, EEG and metabolic testing were obtained for all affected persons. Full exome sequencing was performed using genomic DNA isolated from one surviving patient, two healthy siblings and both parents. Patient IV-1. Patient IV-1 was the first born child of the parents and was born at 36 weeks gestation after a normal pregnancy and delivery. Her weight at birth was 1.99 kg. Her weight, height and head circumference were always below 5th centile. She also had asthma and frequent episodes of pneumonia presumably due to aspiration, but the family refused G-tube placement. She was severely delayed. She never sat, stand or spoke. She has poor head control, truncal hypotonia but very brisk tendon jerks and sustained clonus. Funduscopy revealed bilateral optic atrophy. She developed seizures at 1 year of age. EEG revealed multifocal spikes arising from both hemispheres. She was treated with phenobarbital and Zonegran but family was noncompliant with medications. She continued to have daily myoclonic jerks. MRI at 2.5 and 5 years of age showed increased T2 signal in basal ganglia and periventricular white matter, brain atrophy, prominent ventricle, increased extraxial fluid. Normal liver en zymes and blood count, normal blood and CSF glucose and a serum ammonia of 21. Several serum lactate levels were mildly elevated. Lactate 2.8, 4.5 (Pyruvate 0.23), 5.4 (normal 0.7 to 2.1) Lactate to pyruvate ratio 20:1. Urine organic acid analysis revealed very high lactic acid, 3-methylglutaconic acid, and 3-methylglutaric acid. Muscle biopsy revealed only scattered atrophic muscle fibers on electron microscopy. Respiratory chain enzyme activities were within normal limits. She died at 7.5 years of age apparently due to complications from an infection while she was visiting families in a remote area of a South Asian country. Patient IV-4 was twin A born at 36 weeks gestation after an uncomplicated twin pregnancy. Her weight, height and head circumference were always below 5th centile. She was severely delayed. She never sat, stand or spoke. She has poor head control, truncal hypotonia but very increased reflexes and spasticity in the limbs. At nine-month-of age, she started to experience several episodes of eye fluttering and body jerking. Her EEG reved slow background, poor sleep architecture and frequent multifocal spike and sharp wave activities coming from both the left and right hemispheres. Her seizures were treated with Zonegran and was poorly controlled but parents refused more aggressive treatment of seizures. Metabolic testing revealed mild elevation of lactate and moderate increase of 3 methylglutaconic, 3 methylglutaric acids in urine. A brain MRI at 11-month-of age revealed diffuse volume loss supratentorially with prominent sulci and extraaxial fluid spaces, mild enlargement of the ventricl es and patchy signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia bilaterally, especially involving the caudate nuclei and putamen. On spectroscopy with voxel placed in the right basal ganglia with short and long TE, there was a lactate peak which inverted on long TE spectrum. Also, the NAA peak was low with NAA to creatinine being 1.15 on short echo and 1.29 on long echo spectrum. Also, the choline was elevated with choline/creatine ratio being 1.00 on short echo and 1.41 on long echo images. She died at 1.5 years of age apparently due to complications of an infection while she was visiting families in a remote area of a South Asian country. Patient IV-5 is a 13 year old female of South Asian ancestry, with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria intractable epilepsy, microcephaly, developmental delay, visual deficit and spastic quadriplegia. She was born at 36 weeks gestation after an uncomplicated twin pregnancy. She was twin B and stayed in NICU for 18 days for feeding issues. Her weight was 1.4 kg and she was not intubated. Patient first presented with seizures at 3 months of age with eyelid fluter and jerking of extremities. Her initial EEG revealed multifoal spikes. Initial biochemical evaluation revealed normal serum and CSF glucose, normal ammonia and liver enzymes. Serum lactate and CSF lactate 4.24 mmol were mildly elevated . Lactate was 2.7. Ammonia 25. Serum amino increased alanine 43.6 micromol/dl (9.9-34.5). Csf lactate 4.24 mmol. CSF alanine 7 micromol/dl (0.6 -4.7). There were also mild elevations of serum and CSF valine, leucine, isoleucine and alanine and lysine. Urine organic analysis revealed moderate increase of 3 methylglutaconic, 3 methylglutaric, glutaric, adipic, suberic, and sebacic acids. MRI of brain at 11 months of age revealed severe atrophic changes involving gray and white matter, predominantly of the cerebrum. Grossly abnormal signal is seen in the basal ganglia, particularly the caudate nucleus and the putamen with relative sparing of the globus pallidus and thalamus. A recent MRI (at age 13 years) reveals severe but stable atrophic changes of the gray and white matter of the supra and infratentorial brain, stable white matter changes of the putamen, caudate nucleus and periventricular white matter, Scattered diffusion restriction in the retrotrigonal white matter, compatible with active demyelination and atrophic changes of the optic nerves. Her seizures were treated with with Keppra, Lamictal, Zonegran and Onfi. She also receives carnitine. She continues to have brief episodes of whole body stiffening each week, but the family was also not very compliant with medications. He r current EEG shows slow background for age, poorly formed sleep spindles indicatvie of diffuse neuronal dysfunction, frequent multifocal interictal spike and wave suggests increased risk of seizures arising from multiple foci and hypsarrhythmia in sleep . She has failure to thrive despite G-tube feeding. At 12 years of age, G-tube was placed due to history of aspirations. Height, weight and head circumference below 5th centile. She is severely delayed. She is nonverbal and never learned to sit independently, stand or walk. She recognizes family members, responds to their voice and looks and smiles at them. Her fundoscopy shows mild optic atrophy. She has bilateral esotropia and dysconjugate gaze. She has poor head control and truncal hypotonia, but her limbs are spastic and her tendon reflexes are very brisk. Family 2 Patient V:1 was the first son of Caucasian consanguineous parents (IV:4 and IV:5) of Eastern European origin. Within the context of an organic acid and amino acid study in young and adult subjects with non-syndromic developmental delay and intellectual disability, he was investigated at the age of 17 years and presented with a developmental language disorder (involving semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic components of the linguistic system), emotional and communicative problems (fearful, aggressive, and loner), and hyperactivity. On neuropsychological testing he showed a short attention span. The child was born at term after an uneventful pregnancy and his birth weight was 2.9 kg. At 4 months of age he was affected by myoclonic jerks that were controlled by administration of valproic acid and lamotrigine. Developmental delay was observed starting from the middle of the first year of life, accompanied by decreased muscle tone. He could walk without support only at 6 years. At last medi cal exam, the patient showed a reduced muscle mass (height 148 cm, Z-score 3.43; weight 38 kg, Z-score 4.21; BMI 17.1 kg/m2, Z-score 2.02) and a head circumference of 51 cm (Z-score 2.76). Due to refusal of parents, no brain imaging studies could be performed. Fundoscopic examination was normal. Laboratory tests, including creatine phosphokinase (CPK), liver enzymes and plasma amino acids, were normal. The profile of urinary organic acids showed a large peak of 3-methylglutaconic acid (113 mmol/mol creatine) and a slightly increased level of 3-methylglutaric acid (17 mmol/mol creatinine). Patient V:3 was the younger brother of V:1, the third child of IV:4 and IV:5. He was investigated at the age of 11 years and presented with a clinical phenotype (developmental delay and intellectual and behavioral disorder) similar to that of his brother. The pregnancy and early postnatal course was unremarkable and birth weight was 3.1 kg. At 3 months he received valproic acid and lamotrigine to control tonic seizures with sudden stiffening movements of arms and legs. The boy walked independently at 4 years. When he was 9 years, his growing parameters were: height 119 cm (Z-score 2.47), weight 22 kg (Z-score 1.91), BMI 15.5 kg/m2 (Z-score 0.38), and head circumference 48 cm (Z-score 3.52). Neuropsychological exam revealed mental retardation and impaired communicative skills, including poor language abilities (few repetitive words with no sentences). Occasionally, the patient is aggressive. Ophthalmologic examination revealed left esotropia. High levels of 3-methylglutaconic acid (15 5 mmol/mol creatine) were identified in urine, together with smaller amounts of 3-methylglutaric acid (22 mmol/mol creatinine). Patient V:5 was the second son of consanguineous parents (IV:9 and IV:10) related to those of patients V:1 and V:3. The girl was delivered by cesarean section because of growth arrest at 37 week. The neonate showed no external malformations. Birth weight was 2.1 kg. In the following years, the clinical phenotype was characterized by delayed developmental milestones, nocturnal enuresis, severe cognitive impairment, speech retardation, and lack of communicative skills. Results of the electroencephalogram were normal. No brain imaging data are available. On a few occasions, levels of ammonia and lactic acid were found to be slightly elevated, but these results could not be confirmed by repeated blood analyses. Plasma levels of amino acids are within normal range. Fundoscopic examination was normal up to 7 years, but since then there is evidence of mild bilateral optic atrophy. Urine levels of of 3-methylglutaconic acid and 3-methylglutaric acid were 176 mmol/mol creatine and 29 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively. DISCUSSION Deleterious Nature of the TIMM50 gene alteration: TIMM50 NM_001001563 c.1114G>A p.G372S The p.G372S variant (also known as c.1114G>A), located in coding exon 9 of the TIMM50 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1114. The glycine at codon 372 is replaced by serine, an amino acid with somewhat similar properties. The alteration is not observed in healthy cohorts: Based on data from the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project (ESP), the TIMM50 c.1114G>A alteration was not observed among 6,503 individuals tested. Allele frequency data for this nucleotide position are not currently available from the 1000 Genomes Project and the alteration is not currently listed in the Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP). Though some variants may appear to be rare due to database-specific ethnic underrepresentation, rare missense alleles commonly exhibit a deleterious effect on protein function (Kryukov, 2007; Tennessen, 2012). The altered amino acid is conserved throughout evolution: The G372 amino acid position is completely conserved in eukaryotes all th e way from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to humans (Mokranjac, 2003). The alteration is predicted deleterious by in silico models: The p.G372S alteration is predicted to be probably damaging and deleterious by PolyPhen and SIFT in silico analyses, respectively. The amino acid is located in a functionally important protein domain: The p.G372S alteration is located in the conserved C-terminal domain of the Tim50 protein that interacts with the N-terminal domain of the Tim23 protein in the inter membrane space and regulates mitochondrial protein import of presequence-containing polypeptides (Geissler, 2002; Yamamoto, 2002; Guo, 2004). The alteration cosegregated with disease in the family herein: Co-segregation analysis revealed that this alteration is present in a heterozygous form in the mother, father and brother, and absent in the sister. Based on the available evidence, the TIMM50 c.1114G>A (p.G372S) alteration is classified as a likely pathogenic mutation. The TIMM50 gene is not currently known to underlie Mendelian disease (aka clinically novel). The TIMM50 gene function is consistent with the probands clinical presentation: The Translocase of Inner Mitochondrial Membrane 50 (TIMM50) gene (OMIM: 607381) is located on human chromosome 19q13.2 and consists of 11 exons. It encodes the Tim50 protein, a 353 amino acid 40 kDA homolog of the yeast Tim50 protein that functions as an integral part of the mitochondrial Tim23 protein import machinery by linking protein translocation across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This interaction was confirmed by the coprecipitation of Tim50 with an antibody against Tim23 (Geissler, 2002; Yamamoto, 2002; Guo, 2004). The authors further confirmed that the C-terminal domain of Tim50 is located in the inter-membrane space (IMS) where it stably binds to the segment of Tim23 that spans the IMS and regulates its function. Nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and subsequently imported into the mitochondria through the function of translocators, the TOM complex of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), and the Tim23 and Tim22 complexes of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) (Jensen, 2002). While the Tim22 complex is involved in the transport and insertion of proteins lacking the presequence into the inner membrane, the Tim23 complex is required to process and insert presequence-containing precursor proteins. The IMM generates a proton motive force that is critical for cellular energy synthesis (Stock, 2000) and the permeability barrier of the IMM needs to be maintained during the transport of proteins through the pore-forming Tim23 protein associated with other IMM proteins such as Tim14 (human DNAJC19), Tim17, Tim21, Tim44 and Tim50. Using various yeast IMM protein mutants, Meinecke et al. (2006) demonstrated that tim17 and tim21 mutant mitochondria displayed membra ne potential values that were comparable to wild type mitochondria, whereas tim50 mutant mitochondria showed a drastic reduction of the membrane potential. Further functional studies revealed that the Tim23 channel is tightly regulated by Tim50 in its inactive state to maintain the IMM permeability barrier and is opened only when presequence-containing polypeptide chains need to be translocated into the mitochondrial matrix or the inter membrane space (IMS). Loss of Tim50 function in yeast led to cellular growth arrest and reduced cell viability (Mokranjac, 2003). Knockdown to Tim50 expression in cultured human cells using RNA mediated interference resulted in an increase in the release of cytochrome c and apoptosis in response to cell death stimuli (Guo, 2004). A 50 kDa isoform of the human mitochondrial TIM50, TIM50a, consisting of 456 amino acids has been found to localize in nuclear speckles, specifically in the Cajal bodies, and interact with small nuclear ribonuclear proteins (snRNPs), the coilin protein and the Survival of Motor Neurons (SMN) protein (Xu, 2005) which has been implicated in Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). The protein sequences of the mitochondrial TIM50 and the nuclear TIM50a are identical with the exception of additional 103 amino acids at the N-terminal of TIM50a that are the result of an alternative translational start sequence. This additional N-terminal sequence in TIM50a is thought to contain a putative nuclear localization sequence that allows the Tim50a isoform to display a nucleus specific localization. Based on their results, Xu et al. hypothesized that Tim50a might be involved in the regulation of snRNP biogenesis and possibly the function of the nuclear SMN protein encoded by the SMN1 gene. One of our patien ts had mulsle biopsy. Although there were atrophic changes, no neuropthic pattern was seen. Reference List (1) Wortmann SB, Kluijtmans LA, Rodenburg RJ et al. 3-Methylglutaconic acidurialessons from 50 genes and 977 patients. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013;36:913-921. (2) Ikon N, Ryan RO. On the origin of 3-methylglutaconic acid in disorders of mitochondrial energy metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis 2016;39:749-756. Legends Legend to Figure 1 Five-generations pedigree of the family with mild 3-methylglutaconic aciduria in which the TIMM50 p.(Ile293Thr) was identified. Subjects V:1, V:3, and V:5 (filled symbols) are patients suffering from intellectual disability and increased urinary excretion of 3-methylglutaconic acid. They are born to consanguineous parents and homozygous for the TIMM50 c.1011T>C mutation predicting the replacement of isoleucine 293 with threonine in the encoded protein. The mutation was inherited by a common ancestor (either I:1 or I:2) and has been identified in the heterozygous state in the clinically and biochemically unaffected subjects III:3, III:4, III:9, IV:2, IV:4; IV:5; IV:9, IV:10, and V:2.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

HTML and Web Site Construction :: essays research papers

Chapter 1 Planning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When you plan your web page you start by writing everything down on paper. Write what you want your web page to say, show, and do. To make a map of the links you will be using, write a circle in the center of a new sheet of paper and write HOME in it. Then draw lines to other circles that say the names of your sub pages. Later you will learn how to link your home page to your sub pages. Chapter 2 Starting your front page   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First we want to have a simple text program to use. Go to START programs Accessories NOTEPAD. Notepad is the only program I found to work for html. After you are in notepad type the following. - this will start an html document   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   - starts the header   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - title that you see at top left corner on screen   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - ends title   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - ends header   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - starts the body ( the guts )   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - ends the body   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - ends html document ( IMPORTANT )   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the 1st tag, type the name you want to appear in the upper left corner of your screen. This will put whatever you typed ( between the two title tags ) up in the upper left corner of your screen. Note: Make sure that you type in between the two title tags. If you don’t you won’t see the title on the screen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  TIME TO SAVE! After you finish typing your title click on the file option menu at the top of the screen. Once there, click â€Å"save as†. Save the document to a new 3  ½Ã¢â‚¬  floppy as home.htm. You must save it .htm or your internet browser will not open. If you are done saving it go to â€Å"my computer† on the desktop and click on 3  ½ floppy ( A: ) Then click on home.htm. When the file opens up look at the upper left hand corner of your screen. There you should see your title. To edit the web page and add more stuff, click on view ( at top of screen ) then click source. Notepad should open up with the codes you typed earlier. After you are done editing go to file save. Then go back to your web page and click REFRESH. This should refresh the screen to what you just typed. Chapter 3 Text, centering, coloring, and font   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To enter text into your web page, all you need to do is type what you want any where in between the two tags.

Saturday, January 11, 2020

Effects of Identity Theft on Social Networking Sites

This research is important because of the rowing risks of Identity Theft, as the blob sites and social networking sites Users population increase, Identity theft crimes also increases. This may help the students to focus on their studies, knowing that they are safe from Identity theft criminals because nowadays, social networking sites are used in sharing information that may help them in their studies. The study is concerned with the various personalities of the student, this is one way to release and expose their creativity to provide interactive materials in preventing identity theft.This is to warn the Users about Identity Theft. This study is conducted for the users to be aware in these existing crimes. This can develop the values of an individual which shows care in their fellow users that can be a victim of identity theft. Being a contributor in decreasing the identity theft in social networking sites deserves honor in the country, it can be not as formal as expected, but it g ives moral to the country. With this research, contributors started to be professionals by sharing their efforts and knowledge to help the country fight against Identity theft.Theft is an unusual act of human being which results too rime that intentionally creates huge problem in our society. Theft builds a serious damage in reputations and accounts in users of computer system, personal properties of users may and can be steal anytime by the fraudsters. Identity Theft is an epidemic which is rising in our society, it affects everybody even the newbie which are new users and adequate users, Criminals for many years improved materials to get easy access in stealing. Identity theft is a serious crime that defrauds millions of dollars from innocent victims.Identity Theft exists because of the advance ways of doing crimes which result to inhuman to inhuman nature act. There are instances that Identity Theft crimes are unrecognized by users that's why criminals are more pursuing the act o f stealing that builds a broken system in our computer society. The effects of Identity Theft really change each and every member of Social Networking Sites, Identity Theft creates damage which is not limited in financial problems, and psychologically users were also affected because of the improper use of their identity that tends to destroy their reputation.Social Networking Sites were also affected; there would be less numbers of users because they are afraid of Identity theft which ends to break rules and security and system in Social Networking sites. If there are mounting problems for sure there would be more alternative solutions for their kind of increasing problem, through implementing rules and laws would be more accurate and flexible in building a strong security and social networking sites and other websites.Security operators and administrators in Internet will also play a big role in preventing and decreasing Identity theft. Since there are different kinds of Theft tha t are existing in our country, students must be aware in these existing crimes to prevent more hilarious situations. Technology was developed because of humans high intellectual abilities and they can create either epidemic crime of precautionary measures in existing crimes. Many people are innocent in fraudsters and criminals that's why they need to improve their knowledge when it comes to cautions about Identity Theft.Unimplemented laws result in increasing crimes that's why it should be release as soon as possible to prevent existing crimes. If we minimize Identity Theft there would be a solid computer system which can be attain through knowledge sharing to the users. Definition of Identity Theft Identity theft is a crime. Identity Theft and Identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic grain stated by the U. S.Department of Justice. With enough information about an individual, a criminal can take over that individual's identity to conduct wide range of crimes like fraudulent use of telephone calling cards, or obtaining other goods or privileges which the criminal might be denied if he were to use his real name. Identity Theft is â€Å"an absolute epidemic†, according to Robert Ellis Smith, a respected privacy author and advocate. It affects everybody, and there is very little you can do to prevent it and, I think, worst of all-?you can't detect it until it's probably too late. Some law-enforcement authorities call identity theft â€Å"the fastest growing crime across the country right now†. In fact, identity theft is the most called-about subject on the Privacy Rights Clearinghouses telephone hotlist. (http:// www. Identifying. Org/). In many cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of- octet financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying t o restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible. (http://www. ]justice. Gob/criminal/ fraud/websites/theft. HTML) Coming from the answer of Anna Marie Estonia, a sophomore IBIS student of PUT, Identity Theft is a form of stealing someone's identity in which someone pretends to be someone else by assuming that person's identity, typically in order to access resources or obtain credit and other benefits in that person's name. Therefore, the researcher concludes that Identity Theft is a Technological act of Theft, this involved High Technological objects Oriented Materials which are used in stealing. As our Technology develops many crimes were developed as well because of the improper use of internet and computer system.Identity Theft implies the low security in accessing internet and other online sites which can cause devastation in other users. Many cases were not yet settled with regards to this manner and many imp lemented subscriptions were in act to support the anti-Latinity Theft in Social Networking Sites which can help many recent and future users. The Concept of Social Networking Sites More and more, people are turning to the Internet to keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues. Social networking sites (SONS), make staying involved quicker, easier – and more fun – than ever before.However, Social Networking Sites have drawbacks. These relate to privacy. While you can protect yourself, you can't control what others post about you – a growing concern as employers are beginning to search out information about new and potential employees. As there are few erasers to fraudulent usage, there is significant risk of misrepresentation. A user should also monitor the terms of use for SONS – they have been known to change without notice. People have also been known to become addicted, spending so much of their time on these sites that their real lives suffer. 5 minute Guide to Social Networking Sites) Social Networking sites are social network sites as web-based services that allow individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system; articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and view ND traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. (http://]CM. Indiana. Du/via/issues/Boyd. Ellison. HTML) There are dating sites, friendship sites, and sites with a business purpose and hybrids that offer a combination of these. Globally, hundreds of millions of people have Joined one or more social sites. Whom. PCMCIA. Com) From the response of Noel Angelo Magellan, Social Networking Sites are more likely a virtual place where people in the world can communicate and interact with each other socially and as explained by Christine Marie Tyson, Social Networking ties are used for communicating our love ones in other places in the world, our long lost friends, used for worldw ide meetings and many more. In short, communicating people's lives to another person around the world. Example of this sites are Faceable, Twitter, Renee, Webb, mayday and many more.To sum it up, Social Networking Sites are made for the purpose of social interaction – connecting and communicating with one another around the world through internet. Describing the Cases of Identity Theft Law enforcement agencies have developed new methods and new relationships to catch the bad guys in cyberspace. Some cases include Reshipping and Pushing. Reshipping is an operation in which conspirators or unwitting accomplices in the United States are hired to receive packages of electronic or other merchandise bought with fraudulent or stolen credit cards, and then repackages the merchandise for shipment, usually abroad.By the time the merchant finds out that the credit card was fraudulent, the merchandise is already in another country. Pushing is the act of attempting to steal passwords and financial information by posing as a trustworthy person or business in a seemingly official (spoofed) electronic communication. Daniel Larkin, Fighting Online Crime) It may seem that there are some countries like the United States and Australia which have already enacted laws that pertain to the prosecution of identity theft related crimes. The Philippines however, being one of the largest Faceable populations in the world -? is also one of the many countries without a law to protect its citizens from online identity theft. Clogging is one of the many online problems involving identity theft. A Kellogg is software that tracks your keystrokes and records them so that a hacker can go back later and see what sites you visited, what information you submitted and more. Gallopers work invisibly in the background and are impossible to detect without security software. (www. Agro. H) As explained by Christine Marie Tyson, cases of identity theft nowadays can do anything like, chatting with strangers to get close with them, pushing, hack one's account in order to get some benefits of their victims, impersonates someone else in order to conceal their own true identity, getting somebody else's photos and information through social networking sites and portray or imitate the identity of the victim. To summarize the discussion, the one thing that all of these attacks have in common though is the very thing that binds social networks together: trust.We need to become far more aware of the value of our personal information and importantly the information we have about your friends. Effects of Identity Theft in Social Networking Sites The growing popularity of social networking sites (SONS) among the Internet users demands an introspection of personal and social behavior of human beings. Today 1. 5 billion people across the world have their profiles in social networking sites. SONS becomes a reason for anxiety and addiction.The beginning of social networking sites started to make contacts with people and build a network of healthy relationship in the society. But now it seems offering cybernetics's a great advantage to target victims. (International Journal of Business and Social Science) As stated by Risk Ferguson, Senior Security Adviser of Trend Micro, â€Å"With explosive growth and user populations of this order it's hardly surprising that these services also appear to be coming of age as attack platforms for cybernetics's. Web 2. With its user-generated, rich, interactive content and social networking with its interlinked trust-based networks of people and groups, offer cybernetics's great scope for leveraging the capabilities offered, both to disseminate traditional forms of mallard through new channels and also to carry out social engineering attacks for the purposes of target profiling or identity theft†. (http:// hosted. Personalities. Com/358216/affection/1746500010/cybercafà ©/) Based on the answer of Paul Francis del Rosaries, †Å"It can affect the site's popularity.Some people would probably quit using the site if their image or identity were used in ways that they did not know about. The site would have reduced users which would also affect their income rate. Because social networking sites usually depends on how many users they have on their site for example is the â€Å"Faceable†. † To sum up, with limited government oversight, industry standards or incentives to educate users on security, privacy and protecting your identity, users are then exposed to identity theft and fraud.Additionally, these platforms have terabytes of confidential user information and are likely vulnerable to outside (or inside) attack. Although the issue is not yet in the mainstream conscious, it may well e sooner or later. Cyber laws have to be fortified with advancement of rules as if violators cannot escape committing a crime, at the cost of societal value. Ways on how Identity Theft can be avoided As with any cri me, you can't guarantee that you will never be a victim, but you can minimize your risk These are some of the tips that can make you and your family, safe on social networking sites : 1) Change the profile privacy now.Keep your information accessible only to people in your friend list. 2) Don't post very personal information on the profile. It includes your email ‘d, date of birth, contact number, mom address and information about your family members. Just like in the real world, it is not possible to completely protect oneself from a crime like identity theft. But there are many safeguards you can adopt to protect your identity. 1 Protect your wallet. Some people keep a lot of stuff in their wallet – credit card charge slips, deposit slips, and all IDs, including their ASS and TIN cards.Minimize your risk by keeping items with personal information in a safe place home. 2. ) Protect your computer. Use anti-virus software, as well as firewall and anti- spare software. Th is will help deter criminals' efforts in stealing your personal information. Coming from the answer of Mark Angelo Menace, mostly, celebrities are the victims of Identity theft and it can be avoided in a form or way of privacy. Celebrities should have privacy in other aspects of their life. In the side of the poser or the theft, self-discipline is the best way to avoid this.Another is, other people can report cases like Identity theft. Overall, people should be contented on who they are and what they have and with that there will be no more cases like these. As a conclusion, these are many ways in minimizing Identity Theft; we Just eave to implement it and continue to maintain the security of our computer system. The simplest way in minimizing this increasing numbers on thieves in Identity theft crisis is by Just being responsible enough in our belongings. Minimizing Identity theft will lead to a better computer system.

Friday, January 3, 2020

Learning Theory Classical Conditioning Of Observational...

Abstract Research indicates that development of friendships begins in preschool ages 3 to 5. As communication skills increase, the desire to develop close friendships also increases during preadolescence and adolescence. Ability to develop communication skills that are conducive to forming close friendships determines the kind and an on occasion the number of friendships an individual has. Individual approaches to friendship are linked to attachment style (self esteem and interpersonal trust). Once these friendships are developed, do they influence individual social interactions? Yes, close friendships have influence on social interactions such as social activity level, mood, weight, political views, new friends, health, mortality, etc., which can be explained through the social learning theory; classical conditioning of observational learning. There has also been much empirical investigation examining selection and socialization effects with results indicating influences on a wide variety of attitudes and behaviors. There is also growing evidence of influence on health throughout an individual’s life. Introduction † Do close friendships influence social interactions?† I will begin by defining the term close friendships to ensure the meaning being used is understood. Close friendships are defined as a relationship in which two people spend a great deal of time together, interact in a variety of situations, and provide mutual emotional support (Text Book); TheShow MoreRelatedClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1492 Words   |  6 Pages To expand upon the concepts of the two forms of conditioning listed above, three additional principals not previously listed for the sake of convenience are present in both forms of conditioning; these three principals-extinction, spontaneous recovery, and stimulus discrimination-are among the number of basic principals of conditioning that are found in most forms of conditioning. 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